Improvement in steam generators



H. PEYH STEAM GENERATQR.

No. 60,496. Patented Deo. 18, 1866.

tait@ tstrs getest @timeV IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM GBNBRATOBS.

HENRY FEYH, OF oOLUMEUs OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO i'nMsELE AND GEORGE fr, EMEEY.

.Letters .Pate-nt No. 60,496, dated .December IS, 1866; antedated September 13, 1866.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, HENRY FEYI'I, of'Columbus, in the county of Franklin, and State of Ohio, have invented an Improvement in Upright Steam Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in Which- .Figure 1' is a. vertical central section through a steam boiler, showing my improved arrangement of water-spaces.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section through the boiler shell, taken in the plane indicated by red line :1: x.

Figure 3 is a bottom view of the boiler.

Figures 4 and 5 are enlarged views of the coupling-boxes at the lower extremities of the pipes.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

The object of this invention is to promote a forced and increased circulation of the water in steam boilers, for the purpose of obtaining a more rapid and economical evaporation, and a sure and effectual protection of the boiler-plates, tubes, and material interposed between the re and water. Without free circulation of the water in boilers for generating steam. rapid `evaporation will entirely displace thewater in smallV apertures and tubes when .exposed to a high degree of heat. It has been attempted to accomplish this object by inclining the boiler-tubes so that thevdiiference in temperature on the more and less exposed sides would create ascending and descending currents in the same tubes; also, by the use oi tubes and shells, or a tube within a tube, where the inside and less exposed tubes become feeders of water for the external or steam-generating tubes. In the first case cited, the agency is inadequate and uncertain, particularly where lanthracite coal is used as-the fuel, and the temperature isfnearly or quite uniform throughoutthe fire-chamber. And in the second case cited, the steam apertures,`or the spaces for generating steam, are necessarily so small that the arrangement is entirely inadmissible with feed-Water holding salt or mud in solution, as the small apertures are soon filled, and the sheets and tubes burned out.

The nature of' my invention consists in producing rapid circulation of water in steam generators by means of connected tubes of different diameters, which are so arranged and proportioned that the larger tubes shall serve as feeders for the smaller tubes, in which latter the water is rapidly converted into steam, and the steam conducted directly into the steam space above the water level; as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the artto understand my invention, I will describe one form of boiler operating upon this principle. i

In the accompanying drawings, I have represented a vertical boiler, having a number of tubes arranged within it, some of which are vertical and some inclined. A represents the cylindrical shell of the boiler, which is closed at its upper end by the crown sheet B, through which a number of vertical ues, a a, pass, for -conducting oii' the products of combustion from the fire-chamber- G. The top of this boiler should be covered by a suitable hood leading in the smoke pipe. Within the outer shell A is an inner shell, D, which leads up a suitable distance from the bottoml plate E, of the fire-chamber, and has a space surrounding its sides and top, as shown in iig. 1. Within the circular tire-chamber, C, and arrrnged concentrically around the centre thereof,

are a number of small pipes, Z1 b, which may be inclined as shown in iig. I. The lower vends of those small pipes project through the bottom plate E, and communicate with the three-way coupling-boxes G, and the upper ends of these pipes project through the top plate of the fire-chamber, through which platezthey are screwed, and terminate at a point which is above the water level, indicated by red line yg, in iig. I. There is also a series of larger pipes, c c, which are arranged vertically in the fire-chamber C, so as to communicate at their lower ends with the pipes I1 by means of coupling-boxes G. The upper ends of these larger pipes pass through, and are suitably secured to, the top plate of shell D, but they do not project above this plate, as will be. seen by reference to g. 1. The coupling-boxes G are adapted for receiving one of the large pipes c, and two o f the smaller pipes b b, and forming communications between these three pipes so that water flowing through the feeding-pipes c, will pass into the lower ends of the steam-generating pipes b b, and rise' to a level therein. The tubes, as above described and shown in the drawings, are connected to the coupling-boxes in emga 2 triples, but any number of small tubfe may be thus made to communicate with a larger feeding-tube, according to the capacity of the latter. When tue boiler is supplied 'with thc proper quantity ofgwatcr, and lire is made in the chamber C, within' which the tubes Z and c are' exposed, the water which is inthe tubes will become heated and begin to circulate; that which is in the smaller` tubes b will rst be. converted into steam, which will cause the Water to circulate through tubes c, and coupling-boxes G, t'c supply the place of the water which was converted intosteam in tubes'b. In this way a continued and forced flow of `water'will take place, caused by the difference in the temperature of the large and small tubes, in conjurgctionnvith the difference inevaporative powersof said tubes. It will be seen by reference to iig. 1, that the upper ends of the feedingtubes c terminate below the lowest point for the water level, and, consequently, will not fail to supply Water to the steam generators b b. These tubes b extend above the water level, and dschargegthe 'steam into the upper l chamber bf the' boiler; thus the steam, on its way to th'e steam space, does not enter' the water.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l.A `Pipes or tubes of different diameters, arrange/d so as to be exposed to the direct action of the fire, and connected at one end, for producing a forced' circulation of water in steam boilers, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the feeding-pipes'c, leading .from the water space, and b'eloiv the Water level, with the end-couplings G, and with pipesleading from said couplings above the water level in the boiler, substantially asv described HENRY FEYH.

Witnesses:

Wu. L. Hmm', JNO. RICHARDS. 

